Attributional Measurement Techniques: Classification and Comparison of Approaches for Measuring Causal Dimensions

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Abstract
Despite the burgeoning literature on attributions, research on the reliability or validity of attributional measures has been meager. Several factors have inhibited research on measurement of attributions, including the lack of explicit criteria for determining validity and the lack of a framework for comparing attributions. A framework is presented for classifying attributional measures that includes three approaches: (a) open ended, (b) derived score, and (c) direct rating. Two studies were conducted with these approaches. The first demonstrated adequate test-retest correlations in the measurement of the dimensions internality, controllability, globality, and stability. The second compared the relative validity of these three approaches. The direct-rating technique was found to be superior to the open-ended and the derived-score technique in validity.

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