Cross-Level Inference and Organizational Research: Perspectives on Interpretation and Application
- 1 October 1983
- journal article
- Published by Academy of Management in Academy of Management Review
- Vol. 8 (4) , 547-558
- https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1983.4284651
Abstract
In a discussion of the concept of cross-level inference as it relates to organizational research, emphasis is placed on a description of basic issues and multilevel analytical approaches related to cross-level concerns. A focused review is provided of several substantive organizational research areas for which multilevel logic is relevant. It is suggested that in certain areas-organizational climate, leadership, job design, and organizational properties—multilevel conceptualizations provide a more expansive, integrative perspective of organizational phenomena.Keywords
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