Segmental innervation of rotated and supernumerary axolotl hindlimbs

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Abstract
The segmental nerve supply to axolotl limbs was misrouted by severing the limbs at the level of the femur, rotating them 180° around their long axis, and then suturing them to the intact proximal stump. Following return of the blood supply to the rotated limb by the cross-anastomosing of blood vessels, a blastema often formed to the side of the rotation site giving rise to a supernumerary limb. The muscles of both rotated and supernumerary limbs were innervated by the segmental nerves. The percentage of cells innervated by segmental nerves 16 and 17 in each muscle was determined with intracellular electrodes at 14 weeks after the operation. Despite histological evidence that nerves had been misrouted in the rotated limb, the percentage innervation of each muscle by nerves 16 and 17 was similar to that in the unoperated contralateral controls. The same results were obtained for the supernumerary limbs. In some muscles a few synaptic sites were found innervated by segmental nerves which did not innervate that muscle in the contralateral controls. These had synaptic potentials with very low quantal contents if immediately adjacent sites were innervated by the segmental nerve, which did innervate that muscle in the contralateral controls. The results suggest that the selective properties of synaptic sites are alone sufficient to determine the entire segmental innervation pattern of the muscles in a limb.