Diagnosis of Sickle-Cell Disease by Ophthalmoscopic Inspection of the Conjunctiva

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Abstract
PATIENTS with hemoglobin SS, SC, SD or S thalassemia may exhibit a specific alteration in the conjunctival circulation.1 , 2 The characteristic finding consists of dark-red, comma-shaped or corkscrew-shaped vascular fragments that seem to be isolated from other vessels (Fig. 1); as compared to the normal pattern (Fig. 2), the appearance is striking. The anomalous segments are found mainly in that part of the lower bulbar conjunctiva covered by the lid (Fig. 3).Heretofore, information concerning the nature and significance of this conjunctival sign has been obtained with the slit lamp, an instrument not immediately available to or easily handled by most . . .

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