Germination and Dormancy in Immature and Fresh-mature Lettuce Seeds*

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Abstract
The effects of red light, far-red light, Gibberellin A3, and ethephon were studied on the germination of lettuce seeds cv. Grand Rapids harvested at different stages of development. Seeds did not become capable of germination until 8 days after anthesis. Red light promoted seed germination from the age of 8–9 days following anthesis up to the newly mature stage. Ten or 11 days following anthesis, a large percentage of seeds became capable of germination in the dark and therefore could be considered not dormant. They were affected by far-red light, but less so than the mature seeds. The effect of light on the germination of developing seeds appeared to be similar to the known light effect on mature lettuce seed germination. Gibberellin A3 and ethephon had no effect on immature and fresh seed germination.

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