Nicotine Reduces Embryo Growth, Delays Implantation, and Retards Parturition in Rats

Abstract
Daily injections of nicotine during the initial 5 days of pregnancy reduces embryo growth, delays implantation and retards parturition onset in rats. Nicotine administration does not alter litter size, birth weight, sex distribution or mortality rates. [Cigarette smoking has been implicated in a number of reproductive disorders in women].