Abstract
This is the final report of 30 yr of observation of isoniazid prophylaxis and chemotherapy of tuberculosis in children. It includes 2494 patients who completed a course of prescribed therapy in Houston [Texas, USA] and who were observed for 15,943 person-years. The effectiveness of isoniazid prophylaxis was best demonstrated in those children infected before 4 yr of age; none of them experienced overt disease. Chemotherapy of pulmonary tuberculosis was effective for existing disease in all ages and prevented dissemination. Of those treated for pulmonary tuberculosis during childhood, the striking absence of adolescent reactivation points to the likelihood of a permanent cure. Adequate drug therapy is the key to successful treatment.

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