Mathematical modelling of growth strata associated with fault-related fold structures

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Abstract
Previous geometric models of fault-related folding have been limited in their ability to model sedimentation contemporaneous with contractional deformation. Waltham’s 1992 general forward modelling equation allows more realistic models of sedimentation to be combined with mathematical models of fault-bend folding, fault-propagation folding and limb-rotation associated with detachment folding. Using average rates of fault slip and sedimentation derived from the literature, the mathematical models are used to predict stratal geometries associated with each of the major styles of fault-related folding in both sub-marine and sub-aerial settings. Both background sedimentation and local erosion, transport and deposition as a result of fold growth are modelled. Comparison is made with natural examples and the utility of growth strata architectures in the assessment of fault-fold kinematics assessed.