An iterative perturbation approach for ocean acoustic tomography

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Abstract
An iterative algorithm for the inversion of ocean acoustic tomographic data is introduced. This allows the calculation of ocean environmental acoustic parameters from measured travel times between a distributed system of acoustic sources and receivers. The algorithm does not require expensive (because slowly convergent) nonlinear ray tracing. In each iteration both the modified environmental parameters and the perturbations to the ray paths are calculated from linearized equations. A convergence proof is outlined. It is shown in an example that a single iteration, which corresponds to the classical perturbation solution, can give insufficient accuracy in a realistic ocean. This is accomplished by evaluating the second variation of the travel-time data with respect to the environmental parameters and demonstrating that in typical, strongly focused sound channels it can be comparable in size to, or larger than the first variation.

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