HYGAS coal-slurry mass-flow measurements using ultrasonic cross-correlation techniques

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Abstract
The application of ultrasonic techniques to measure coal concentration and flow velocity of coal slurries was investigated at the HYGAS pilot plant. It was found that the sound attenuation is linearly dependent on the coal concentration up to 35% by weight, and provides a direct measurement of the coal concentration with a precision of 5%. An active cross-correlation technique using an amplitude demodulation scheme can measure the flow velocity of the coal slurry with a resolution of 3%. Flow disturbances in the coal slurry, which are received by transducers separated by 12.7 cm and the cross-correlation have frequency contents primarily in the range of 20 to 50 Hz. Based on the results of the calibration test, an on-line ultrasonic mass flowmeter is proposed which measures the coal concentration based on the sound attenuation in the coal slurry and the flow velocity by means of an active cross-correlation technique.

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