Immunoglobulin-Receptors Revisited

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Abstract
An attempt was made to evaluate past studies of immunoglobulin [Ig] receptors for antigen on lymphocytes. New information regarding cell surface IgD and a model of B cell [bone marrow-derived lymphocyte] differentiation and triggering was provided. The major reason for formulating the model was to accomodate the recent findings that the predominant cell surface Ig in the mouse (and undoubtedly in all mammalian species) is an isotype not represented in the serum in significant amounts. The major ideas of this proposal are that IgD is the receptor on most cells that will be stimulated by antigen (and T [thymus-derived lymphocyte] cell factors) and that IgD therefore is a receptor designed for triggering. Proteolysis of IgD may be a critical step in this process. Attention was focused on the question of whether there are IgG and IgA receptors. Some aspects of the model presented were derived from a solid foundation of experimental evidence. These data included the acquisition of IgD late in the development of B lymphocytes. There was also considerable evidence that this acquisition was independent of both antigen and T cells and that in the human, both IgM and IgD can be synthesized by the same cell at the same time. Interwoven with these features were highly speculative aspects of the model: IgM receptors postulated to induce tolerance and proteolysis of IgD initiating triggering.

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