Photon Drag Effect in Germanium

Abstract
It is described how the photon drag voltage in germanium varies with hole concentration and how it depends on temperature. Also some considerations are taken into the following additional contributions similar to the photon drag effect: (1) the Thomson effect, (2) the hot carrier effect and (3) the diffusion effect. Experiments were performed by using a Q-switched CO2laser. This photon drag effect provides a convenient detector for use with Q-switched CO2lasers and mode-locked CO2lasers, because it operates with the high speed response time smaller than 10-10s at room temperature. In the case ofp-type germanium with the resistivity of 2.3 Ω-cm and the size of 1.5×1.5×20 mm3, its responsivity (R) is 3×10-6(V/W) and the detectivity (D) is 1.4×103(W-1) at room temperature and 1.1×104(W-1) at 77 K.

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