Electro-optic and elasto-optic effects in polyvinylidene fluoride

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Abstract
Linear electro-optic (EO) coefficients are measured in PVF2 at room temperature and constant stress: ‖rX51‖=0.10×10−12 mV−1; ‖rX42‖ =0.21×10−12 mV−1; ‖X13 −(n32 /n31) rX23‖=0.38×10−12 mV−1. We develop a model which allows us to compute the clamped EO coefficients, from the measured free EO coefficients, the piezoelectric and elasto-optic components: ‖πE11−(n32/ n31) πE12‖=3 .6 ×10−12 m2N−1; ‖πE21 −(n32/ n31) πE22‖=1.8×10−12 m2N−1. Secondary effect (differences between free and clamped coefficients) can be neglected for rX42 and ‖rX13−(n32/ n31)rX23‖. The linear electro-optic coefficients are found to be proportional to the remanent polarization, as predicted by the model. This allows us to compute the quadratic electro-optic coefficients at constant strain and stress: ‖gx44‖=0.02 m4C−2; ‖gx13 −(n32/n31)gx23‖=0.01 m4C−2; ‖hX44‖ =14.3×10−23 m2V−2; ‖hX55‖ =6.8×10−23 m2V−2; ‖hX13 −(n32/n31)hX23‖=26×10−23 m2V−2.