Fundamental properties of negative resistors and negative conductors†

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Abstract
This paper deals with the fundamental properties of the two classes of physical components that exhibit a dual behaviour and here are consistently referred to as negative resistors and negative conductors. At the outset a definition of negative resistors and negative conductors is given in terms of essential linear and non-linear properties. Linear models are proposed. The conjoint occurrence of specific linear and non-linear properties is explained using a single-loop feedback circuit. Two postulates applying to active components enable one to determine whether a given network realization is either a negative resistor or a negative conductor. When a negative resistor or a negative conductor is to be used in a specified network, the correct choice between those two components is decisive when system stability is taken as a prerequisite. Some useful rules facilitating this choice aro given in this paper.
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