Reversible renal failure caused by a microsporidian infection

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Abstract
To report a case of renal failure associated with microsporidian infection in an HIV-seropositive patient. Case report. Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, England, UK. An HIV-seropositive patient presented febrile with abdominal pain who developed renal failure. Renal biopsy and urinalysis showed infection with a microsporidian of the genus Encephalitozoon. Treatment with albendazole (400 mg) twice daily was associated with disappearance of infection from the urine, clinical improvement and return of renal function virtually to normal. HIV-seropositive individuals with renal failure should have urine screened for microsporidia. The administration of albendazole in such cases may reverse renal failure.

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