Noninvasive Ventilation

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Abstract
When ventilatory support is delivered without establishing an endotracheal airway, it is termed noninvasive ventilation. Traditionally, noninvasive ventilation has been given with the use of devices that apply intermittent negative extrathoracic pressure. The advent of positive-pressure ventilation that is delivered through a nasal or face mask has greatly expanded the use of noninvasive ventilation. Such ventilation has a role in the management of acute and chronic respiratory failure in many patients and may have a role for some patients with heart failure. Noninvasive approaches can preserve normal swallowing, feeding, and speech. Cough and physiologic air warming and humidification are also . . .