Cocaine Use during Pregnancy: Perinatal Outcomes

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Abstract
The relation between maternal cocaine use and perinatal outcomes was investigated among 17,466 non-Asian singleton deliveries in 1988 from the University of Illinois Perinatal Network data base in the metropolitan Chicago area. Elevated adjusted relative risks (RR) of low birth weight (RR = 2.8, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.2–3.7), prematurity (RR = 2.4, 95% CI 1.9–3.1), abruptio placentae (RR =; 4.5, 95% Cl 2.4–8.5), and perinatal death (RR = 2.1, 95% CI 1.1–4.0) were observed for “any” cocaine users (n = 408) compared with women who did not use cocaine or any other drugs or alcohol (n = 17,058). There was an increased (although unstable) risk of intrapartum placenta previa not previously reported (RR = 2.3, 95% CI 1.0–5.1). The relative risk of small-for-gestational-age births for cocaine users who did not smoke (RR = 3.4, 95% CI 1.8–6.5) was greater than that for cocaine users who did (RR = 2.1, 95% CI 1.1–4.1). Irrespective of smoking status, cocaine use during pregnancy increased the risk of small-for-gestational-age births. Am J Epidemiol 1991 ;133:818–25.

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