Neutral lonophores having extraordinary Ca2+ binding strengths and Ca2+/Na+ selectivities in aqueous solution

Abstract
The highest divalent calcium cation binding constants and Ca2+/Na+ selectivities ever observed in aqueous solution for neutral crown ether derivatives are reported: for 4, 13-diaza-18-crown-6 derivatives having -gly-gly-OCH2CH3 or -gly-ala-OCH2CH3 sidearms, KS values in water are, respectively, 106.6 and 107.8 and the Ca2+/Na selectivities in water for these two compounds are, respectively, >104 and >105.

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