Abstract
We show by application to Si that polarimetric measurements on radiation reflected nonspecularly from rough surfaces can distinguish between geometric-optics (facet or tangent-plane) and Rayleigh-Fano (random diffraction grating) scattering models, thus providing new details about surface roughness. A class of macroscopically rough but microscopically smooth surfaces is found that gives accurate specular ellipsometric data while being unsuitable for reflectance measurements.