Longitudinal Analysis ofnef/Long Terminal Repeat–Deleted HIV‐1 in Blood and Cerebrospinal Fluid of a Long‐Term Survivor Who Developed HIV‐Associated Dementia
Open Access
- 15 December 2004
- journal article
- Published by Oxford University Press (OUP) in The Journal of Infectious Diseases
- Vol. 190 (12) , 2181-2186
- https://doi.org/10.1086/425585
Abstract
We studied the evolution and compartmentalization of nef/ long terminal repeat (nef/LTR)-deleted human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) from a long-term survivor who developed HIV-associated dementia (HIVD). Analysis of sequential blood-derived HIV-1 isolated before and during HIVD revealed a persistent R5X4 phenotype and a progressive loss of nef/LTR sequence; in contrast, HIV-1 present in cerebrospinal fluid during HIVD had an R5 phenotype, distinct nef/LTR sequence of unique deletions and additional nuclear factor-kB sites and specificity factor-1 sites, and enhanced transcriptional activity, compared with the bloodderived isolates. Thus, nef/LTR-deleted HIV-1 strains may undergo compartmentalized evolution in long-term survivors and cause neurologic disease.Keywords
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