Durability of Platinized Titanium Anodes in Electroplating

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Abstract
The behaviour of platinized titanium ‘slave’ or ‘auxiliary’ anodes in electroplating is described, with particular reference to use in the plating of gold, rhodium, nickel, copper, tin and chromium. Preceding this survey some characteristics of commercially available platinized titanium are considered, including method of preparation, overvoltage, composition and platinum thickness. The results of accelerated laboratory tests to define limiting conditions of use are given, and durability is contrasted with that of alternative experimental noble-metal-coated refractory metals. Degradation of anode surfaces encountered in some practical applications is attributed to platinum dissolution resulting from reaction with particular organic additives, but in some circumstances an undermining of the coating as a result of superficial dissolution of the titanium may occur. Methods of improving the durability of anodes, both in respect of type of anode and method of usage, are discussed.

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