Adult Pecan Weevil Emergence Related to Soil Moisture12

Abstract
Emergence from the soil by a portion of the population of Curculio caryae (Horn) was delayed in a clay soil when soil moisture was low, presumably due to the passive barrier the dry hard soil formed under such conditions. Pecan weevil emergence from the soil was observed from 1974–78 near Hamilton, TX, and was found to occur at about the same time and rate from year to year when soil moisture was adequate to impart sufficient friability to allow adults to emerge. Pecan weevil emergence from other locations in Texas, Oklahoma, Arkansas, Mississippi, and Georgia (estimated primarily from the literature) appears to be similar in pattern to that observed at Hamilton, and a comparison indicated that when the influence of soil moisture on emergence was taken into account the time and rate of emergence was strikingly similar regardless of location.

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