Common contact sensitizers in Chandigarh, India

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Abstract
200 patients (122 male, 78 female) with suspected allergic contact dermatitis were patch tested with the European standard series (ESS) and the results compared with other Asian centres. 131 (65.5%) patients showed 1 or more patch test positives to the ESS. Patch tests were positive to all allergens except primin. Potassium dichromate was the most common allergen (20.5%) followed by nickel sulfate (16.5%), SQL mix (14%), PPD (11.5%), cobalt (8%), fragrance mix (7.5%), formaldehyde (6.5%), colophony (5.5%), neomycin sulfate and mercapto mix (5% each). In women, nickel sulfate was the commonest allergen (30.8%) followed by SQL mix (16.7%) and potassium dichromate (15.4%). In men, potassium dichromate was the commonest sensitizer (23.8%) followed by SQL mix and PPD (12.3% each). Our results are at variance with other centres in Asia. SQL mix was able to detect less than ½ (42.2%) of patients allergic to ethanolic dilutions of ether extracts of parthenium. We conclude that the European standard series, with exclusion of primin, is suitable for detection of allergic contact dermatitis in India. However, SQL mix is not a adequate screen for parthenium sensitivity and patch testing with extracts of the plant should be continued, wherever indicated.