Joints: Their Initiation and Propagation with Respect to Bedding

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Abstract
Joints (fractures) are propagated from areas of high to areas of low stress. They may originate at inhomogeneities on, or by slickensiding along bedding planes. Plumose marks on the surfaces of joints radiating from volcanic, meteor, or man-made explosion craters should, in stratified rock, reveal whether the joints were propagated with their leading edge convex or concave forward.