Chaos game representation of gene structure

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Abstract
This paper presents a new method for representing DNA sequences. It permits the representation and investigation of patterns in sequences, visually revealing previously unknown structures. Based on a technique from chaotic dynamics, the method produces a picture of a gene sequence which displays both local and global patterns. The pictures have a complex structure which varies depending on the sequence. The method is termed Chaos Game Representation (CGR). CGR raises a new set of questions about the structure of DNA sequences, and is a new tool for investigating gene structure.