Signal detection theory pain measures: Empirical validation studies and adaptation-level effects

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Abstract
Proponents of the use of signal detection theory (SDT) in the assessment of pain modulation have generally looked for changes in d'' [index of detectability] to indicate a reduction of sensory function and a change in criterion to indicate a modification of the [human] subject''s response bias or attitudinal predisposition. In the 1st experiment, both assumptions failed to receive empirical verification. Discrimination d'' was equivalent before and after 2 strong levels of electrical current were reduced. The criterion parameter apparently shifted in a more conservative direction after the stimulus diminution. Theser results are used to question the validity of both detection and discrimination indices in the measurement of pain. An alternative means for describing the experimental results revealed a striking adaptation-level effect with implications for the assessment of both experimentally induced and endogenous pain. The outcome of a 2nd experiment reinforced the adaptation-level theory interpretation of the results and provided additional evidence concerning the difficulties in evaluating SDT parameters in studies of potential analgesics.