Diagnosis of goose circovirus infection in Hungarian geese samples using polymerase chain reaction and dot blot hybridization tests

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Abstract
A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and dot blot hybridization (DBH) test have been developed for the diagnosis of infection by a novel circovirus of geese (GoCV). These tests were applied to samples of bursae of Fabricius from sick and dead birds from commercial goose farms in Hungary. In this second report of the occurrence of circovirus infection in diseased geese, 103 of 214 (48.1%) and 37 of 150 (24.6%) birds, and 49 of 76 (64.5%) and 18 of 76 (23.7%) flocks were positive by PCR and DBH respectively. The sensitivity of the PCR test was such that 0.10 fg of virus DNA was detectable. The DBH test was less sensitive, only detecting larger amounts (40 pg) of DNA, but was used as a semi-quantitative method for detecting the presence of virus. The incidence of infection was affected by factors such as the age of the birds and rearing methods.