Life History of Alaria marcianae (La Rue, 1917) Walton, 1949 (Trematoda: Diplostomatidae)

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Abstract
The experimental life cycle of A. marcianae, involves planorbid snails, Helisoma trivolvis and H. campanulatum, as 1st intermediate hosts; tadpoles of the leopard frog, Rana pipiens, a 2nd intermediate hosts; mice, rats, and chicks as paratenic hosts; and the domestic cat as definitive host. The life cycle is similar to known cycles in the subgenus Alaria, where avian and mammalian intermediate hosts of the mesocercariae serve as paratenic hosts; but it differs from the only known cycle in the subgenus Paralaria, where the mesocercariae develop into metacercariae in avian and mammalian intermediate hosts. This difference in mesocercarial behavior represents a distinct biological difference between numbers of the 2 subgenera and is an additional subgeneric character. Alaria (A.) minnesotae Chandler, 1954, is a synonym of A. (A.) marcianae (new synonymy).

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