Determination of Small Gap Widths Used in Breakdown Studies by Capacitance Measurements

Abstract
The mutual capacitance between hemispherical electrodes which are separated by a distance less than one‐tenth of their radii is found experimentally to vary directly with the logarithm of the spacing. A mathematical derivation is presented which suggests that such a relation should hold. A particular electrode‐dielectric assembly may be calibrated at large spacings where accurate mechanical measurements can be made, and then the capacitance increment corresponding to any desired smaller spacing may be obtained by a simple linear extrapolation. Electrode separations as small as 1 μ have been determined to an accuracy of less than 5 percent with this technique.

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