A physiological and behavioural study in cats of the effect of early visual experience with contours of a single orientation.

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Abstract
Three kittens were reared in visual environments that consisted of stripes at 1 of 3 orientations: horizontal, right oblique or left oblique. Two additional cats were reared as controls. One of these matured viewing right and left oblique stripes on alternate days. The other experienced a normal visual environment. Following the completion of rearing, and after several weeks of normal visual experience, behavioral testing of the stripe-reared animals demonstrated a deficit in visual acuity for orientations which were not present in the early visual environment. No comparable deficit emerged for either of the control cats. Following 1-3 yr of further, normal, visual experience, each of the cats was shipped separately to California where single units were recorded from area 17 of the visual cortex and an effort made to guess the early visual history of each animal which was unknown to the experimenters. Cell samples from each experimental cat and the normal control cat allowed the physiologists to guess their early visual experience correctly. The control cat which matured viewing orthogonal sets of oblique stripes on alternate days demonstrated a bias for horizontal contours in his cell sample. In contrast to units recorded from normal cats, about 80% of which are binocular, only about 30% of the cells recorded from the strip-reared animals could be influenced by both eyes.