Commentary: Tobacco-related diseases: a gender differential?

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Abstract
Several of the earlier studies on smoking-related mortality have shown lower risks in female compared to male smokers due to limited smoking exposure in the generations of smokers that these studies were based on. Studies that include many heavily smoking women such as the Renfrew and Paisley Study are therefore welcome. A previous study based on a sample of the population in Copenhagen, Denmark, which also has a high prevalence of smoking among women, suggested gender differences in effects of smoking on cause-specific and all-cause mortality. These findings could not be reproduced using data from the Renfrew and Paisley study in Scotland1 and possible explanations are warranted.