The anatomic, histologic and cytogenetic findings on a bovine true hermaphrodite are discussed. The XX/XY chimerism in various tissues, including the kidney and testicular tissue of the ovotestis, combined with the presence of a uterus, cervix, vagina, seminal vesicles, penis and ovary provide evidence for dispermic fertilization involving two ova or an ovum and its nonextruded polar body. Circumstantial evidence regarding the mechanism of freemartinism is discussed.