Hypertensive nephrosclerosis–a cause of end‐stage renal disease?

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Abstract
‘Hypertensive nephrosclerosis’ is moving up the charts to number 2 in terms of diagnostic frequency cited as causing end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) in chronic dialysis patients; the entity was recognized as early as 1873 [1]. Type 2 diabetes mellitus holds first place and glomerulonephritis (all types) has fallen to third place in the ranking. The diagnostic criteria for type 2 diabetes and glomerulonephritis are relatively secure. Malignant hypertension with fibrinoid necrosis and relatively acute renal failure is a well understood pathological entity. However, hypertensive nephrosclerosis resulting from essential hypertension per se is far less clear.