Nutritional surveys were undertaken in refugee camps in southern Sudan and Rwanda. Nutrition status was assessed using the mid-upper arm circumference method. A high level of malnutrition was found in the main transit camp for refugees from Uganda into southern Sudan. Nutrition status in refugee settlements was adequate in the Rwanda camps, where refugees had only been displaced for a short period of time; there was only a limited degree of malnutrition. The findings correlate with the time period of displacement of the refugees.