Folate, Vitamin B12, Homocysteine, and the MTHFR 677C→T Polymorphism in Anxiety and Depression

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Abstract
HOMOCYSTEINE and the vitamins involved in 1-carbon metabolism, folate and vitamin B12, have been associated with a diversity of diseases, including cardiovascular disease,1,2 malignancies,3 Alzheimer disease, impaired cognitive functioning,4,5 and birth defects and pregnancy complications.6,7 Several studies have investigated the 677C→T polymorphism of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene as a risk factor for these conditions, as the C-to-T transition causes reduced enzyme activity, and elevated plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) levels under conditions of impaired folate status.8