Actions of insulin on the mammalian heart: metabolism, pathology and biochemical mechanisms

• 1 April 1997
• journal article
• review article
• Published by Oxford University Press (OUP) in Cardiovascular Research
• Vol. 34  (1) , 3-24
• https://doi.org/10.1016/s0008-6363(97)00051-5

Abstract

Keywords

• INSULIN
• DIABETES
• MYOCARDIAL METABOLISM
• SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION
• GLUCOSE TRANSPORT
• ACC = ACETYL-COA CARBOXYLASE
• AMP-PK = PROTEIN SERINE/THREONINE KINASE ACTIVATED BY 5-AMP
• CPT-I = CARNITINE PALMITOYLTRANSFERASE-I
• CREB PROTEIN = CYCLIC AMP-RESPONSE ELEMENT BINDING PROTEIN
• ERKS = EXTRACELLULAR SIGNAL-REGULATED KINASES: THE MAP KINASES ORIGINALLY IDENTIFIED ARE NOW KNOWN TO REPRESENT A SUB-SET OF A WIDER FAMILY
• THE ORIGINAL MEMBERS OF THE FAMILY ARE NOW REFERRED TO AS ERKS (EXTRACELLULAR SIGNAL-REGULATED KINASE)
• OTHER SUB-TYPES OF MAP KINASES ARE JNKS (C-JUN, N-TERMINAL KINASES) AND P38/RK
• P125-FAK = 125-KDA FOCAL ADHESION (PROTEIN TYROSINE) KINASE
• GRB = GROWTH-FACTOR-RECEPTOR BOUND PROTEIN
• GSK-3 = GLYCOGEN SYNTHASE KINASE-3
• HDL = HIGH-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN
• IRS-1(-2) = INSULIN RECEPTOR SUBSTRATE-1(-2)
• HSP = HEAT SHOCK PROTEIN
• MAP KINASE = INITIALLY NAMED FOR AN INSULIN-STIMULATED PROTEIN SER/THR KINASE ABLE TO PHOSPHORYLATE MICROTUBULE-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN-2 (MAP-2)
• ALSO COMMONLY REFERRED TO AS MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE