Immunological Cross-Reactivities of Adenosine-5′-Phosphosulfate Reductases from Sulfate-Reducing and Sulfide-Oxidizing Bacteria

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Abstract
Crude extracts from 14 species of sulfate-reducing bacteria comprising the genera Desulfovibrio, Desulfotomaculum, Desulfobulbus , and Desulfosarcina and from three species of sulfide-oxidizing bacteria were tested in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with polyclonal antisera to adenosine 5′-phosphosulfate reductase from Desulfovibrio desulfuricans G100A. The results showed that extracts from Desulfovibrio species were all highly cross-reactive, whereas extracts from the other sulfate-reducing genera showed significantly less cross-reaction. An exception was Desulfotomaculum orientis , which responded more like Desulfovibrio species than the other Desulfotomaculum strains tested. Extracts from colorless or photosynthetic sulfur bacteria were either unreactive or exhibited very low levels of reactivity with the antibodies to the enzyme from sulfate reducers. These results were confirmed by using partially purified enzymes from sulfate reducers and the most cross-reactive sulfide oxidizer, Thiobacillus denitrificans . Two types of monoclonal antibodies to adenosine 5′-phosphosulfate reductase were also isolated. One type reacted more variably with the enzymes of the sulfate reducers and poorly with the Thiobacillus enzyme, whereas the second reacted strongly with Desulfovibrio, Desulfotomaculum orientis , and Thiobacillus enzymes.