Secondary MLC Responses of Primed Lymphocytes after Selective Sensitization to Non‐HLA‐D Determinants

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Abstract
Two HLA-B,D-identical siblings, who differed only for the HLA-A region because of a maternal recombinational event, were studied in primary (1.degree.) and secondary (2.degree.) mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC). The HLA-A:B recombinant child did not respond to its HLA-B,D-identical sibling in 1.degree. or 2.degree. MLC. In the reciprocal combination the non-recombinant child responded only weakly in 1.degree. MLC but responded significantly in 2.degree. MLC to the HLA-A:B recombinant child. Thus, it was possible to selectively prime to a non-HLA-D determinant which is controlled by a gene located distal to HLA-B. Because this determinant was not present on T [thymus-derived] cells, it could be distinguished from the serologically defined antigen controlled by the HLA-A locus. Such primed lymphocytes, and lymphocytes primed between HLA-identical siblings, revealed high autologous control responses which were not observed when using lymphocytes primed in conventional 1-haplotype combinations. The significant 2.degree. MLC response to autologous cells after sensitization to allogeneic cells may reflect recognition of self antigens and raises the question to what extent genetic similarity between responding and stimulating cells is required in the priming phase to elicit a 2.degree. response to autologous cells.