Haematuria clinics Cystoscopy of little value in children

Abstract
EDITOR, - In the editorial on haematuria clinics, Philip Marazzi and Roger Gabriel do not refer explicity to children under 15 years old.1It would be unfortunate if unwary readers assumed, by default, that the problems of diagnosis and management in children are similar to those in adults; they are not. Surgically remediable causes of haematuria in children are generally confined to the upper urinary tract and can be diagnosed by ultrasonography combined with plain abdominal radiography.2 Bladder causes are rare and cystoscopy is generally unnecessary,3,4 yet paediatric nephrologists still see children referred with haematuria in whom cystoscopy has yielded normal results. Once urinary tract infection, surgical causes, and rare medical disorders have …

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