The Effects of Drug Treatment and Supervision on Time to Rearrest among Drug Treatment Court Participants

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Abstract
Past research has generally shown that drug courts are reaching their target offenders and that program participants are rearrested at a lower or equivalent rate than comparison offenders. Few analyses have been conducted to test the relative effects of different drug court elements, however. The current research takes a closer look at the two main components of the drug court, supervision and treatment, to determine whether one is more effective at preventing failure, or whether the combination of both is necessary to observe a decreased risk of failure. Attending treatment significantly decreased the risk of failure over a two-year follow-up period, while receiving supervision did not. Offenders who received both supervision and treatment had the longest survival times, but not significantly longer than those who received treatment only. Implications for drug courts in general are discussed, as well as avenues for future research in this field.