On the Mode of Formation of some of the River-valleys in the South of Ireland

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Abstract
Introduction .—The determination of the method by which the surface of the land has been carved out of the subjacent rock into its present form is a geological problem which has not yet been solved, except in a very general way. The most important contribution towards this solution is the paper by our President, Professor Ramsay, “On the Denudation of South Wales and the adjacent Counties of England,” in the first volume of the ‘Memoirs of the Geological Survey,” in which the amount of denudation is proved by means of the accurate sections constructed by the Survey. When Sir Roderick Murchison became the Director-General of the Survey, and ordered that descriptions, or “Explanations,„ to accompany each sheet of the map, should be prepared, he pointed to the form of ground as one of the things to be described. I had often previously thought of examining this question, and was therefore not sorry to find it brought directly before me in the course of my official duties as the Local Director of the Irish branch of the Survey, one of which duties is, of course, the editing of these “Explanations.„ The following notes on the formation of some of the river-valleys of the southern part of Ireland contain some conclusions at which I have arrived in the course of the last few years, while engaged in that duty; and they are here offered as a contributioa towards the solution of this problem. Part I.—P hysical S tructure of the S outh of I reland . Ireland may

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