Digital Amplitude-Phase Keying with M-Ary Alphabets
- 1 February 1974
- journal article
- Published by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in IEEE Transactions on Communications
- Vol. 22 (2) , 168-180
- https://doi.org/10.1109/tcom.1974.1092165
Abstract
Signal sets employing amplitude and phase keying (APK) with large alphabets conserve bandwidth and do not require as high a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) as phase-shift keying (PSK). Twenty-nine empirically generated APK sets withM-ary alphabet sizes from 4 to 128 are investigated to determine optimum designs. Selected sets are compared on the basis of a symbol-error-probability bound for both average and peak SNR. Results are presented in the form of symbol error curves. The degradation caused by nonlinearities in a typical TWT amplifier is examined. The effects of AM-AM and AM-PM distortion on APK are presented as a function of power backoff for single-carrier operation (when APK is at the greatest disadvantage compared with PSK). Modem implementation methods, including carrier phase reconstruction techniques, are discussed for basic APK designs.Keywords
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