Short- and Long-term Association of Serum Cholesterol with Mortality

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Abstract
The association of serum cholesterol with cause-specific and all-cause mortality was assessed in a cohort of 1, 426 men aged 40–59 years who were free of clinically evident heart disease at baseline (1959). A total of 748 deaths (53 percent of the participants) occurred during the 25-year follow-up period. Men with high serum cholesterol levels at baseline had high mortality due to coronary heart disease during both the early and later parts of the follow-up period. In contrast, the association of serum cholesterol with mortality due to causes other than coronary heart disease changed during follow-up (interaction of cholesterol with follow-up period: p = 0.004). During the first 10 years of follow-up, despite their high coronary mortality, men with high cholesterol levels had lower all-cause mortality (age-adjusted relative risk = 0.71 for serum cholesterol above 5.79 mmol/liter vs. below 5.80 mmol/liter; p = 0.03) because of their low cancer mortality (relative risk = 0.55, p = 0.03) and residual mortality (relative risk = 0.49, p Am J Epidemiol 1992;135:1251–8.

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