Cotangent states of the electromagnetic field: Squeezing and phase properties

Abstract
We analyze the phase and squeezing properties of the cotangent states of the electromagnetic field. We calculate the phase distribution, phase variance, and number-phase uncertainty product for these states. Under appropriate conditions, the phase distribution develops oscillations resulting from the formation of states, reminiscent of macroscopic superpositions. In other cases the cotangent states are nearly minimum number-phase uncertainty states, emulating the coherent states. We also study the quadrature squeezing properties of the cotangent states and find that under a wide range of conditions they are highly squeezed.

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