The Nature and Use of State Mastery Models

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Abstract
This paper provides a review of a class of prob abilistic models that has been developed for use in the assessment of trait or competency acquisition. Consideration is given to the relative merits and limitations of this class of state models, under which trait acquisition is conceived as being "all-or- none," as compared with those occurring under an alternative conceptual framework, in which trait ac quisition is assumed to be gradual. In addition, some of the applications of these state models are presented, including the establishment of mastery classification decisions and the assessment of con sistency with respect to items and classification. Finally, some extensions to the class of state models, which may be helpful in increasing the ap plicability of this class of models, are presented.

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