STUDIES ON (-)-CITRAMALIC ACID FORMATION BY RESPIRATION-DEFICIENT YEAST MUTANTS

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Abstract
Sixteen RD mutant strains of Saccharomyces carlsbergensis and S. cerevisiae, which were isolated by spontaneous mutation, acri-flavine treatment, and UV irradiation, were studied for their ability to produce citramalic acid in a chemically defined medium. All of the RD "petite" mutants clearly judged to be respiration-deficient in any of the 4 criteria, i.e. oxygen uptake, coloration of colonies on bro-mocresol green (BCG)agar, 2,3,5-tritetrazolium chloride (TTC)reduc-tion, and lactate utilization, did accumulate citramalate abundantly (13 to 46 mg per 100 ml of medium). None of the 7 parent normal strains tested produced citramalic acid. Some variants isolated on BCG agar (verdant and variegated types), which were positive in reducing TTC, were not able to produce citramalic acid. RD mutant haploid strains of known cytochrome pattern (baker''s yeast) were divided into the citramalate formers and non-formers, but it was not possible to relate their citramalate-producing abilities to the kind of deficient cyto-chromes.

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