American Fisheries Society Evaluation of Antifungal Agents for Fish Culture

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Abstract
The antifungal activities of 21 chemicals against species of Saprolegnia, a ubiquitous genus of aquatic fungi frequently found in fish hatcheries, were evaluated with pure fungal culture and with Saprolegnia-infected eggs of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Fourteen compounds were ineffective for control of fungus on rainbow trout eggs or were toxic to the eggs. The seven compounds that effectively controlled fungus on infected eggs and provided a reasonable margin of safety were Abbott A-73336, amorolfine, formalin, glutaraldehyde, hydrogen peroxide, melaleuca, and salt (sodium chloride). Only formalin, hydrogen peroxide, and salt appeared completely suitable for registration. Formalin, the replacement antifungal agent, is restricted to use with the eggs of salmonids and esocids. User safety and the effect of effluents on the environment are also concerns related to formalin treatments. Formalin effectively prevented fungal infections on eggs at concentrations as low as 250 ppm. A 1,000-ppm ...

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