The calibration of and measurements with cylindrical hot-film probes in water flows

Abstract
This paper describes an integrated experimental procedure for obtaining accurate measurements with both single normal (SN) and X hot-film probes in water flows. The first part of the paper describes techniques developed to overcome the common problems of temperature variations and contamination in a recirculating test facility, leading to long-term calibration stability. The second part of the paper describes the development of fast, reliable and accurate computer-based calibration methods for both SN and X probes. The final section of the paper describes comparative measurements between an SN and an X probe in vertical upward water pipe flow, demonstrating the validity of the methods developed.
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