Release of Sperms in Funaria hygrometrica

Abstract
Antheridia of Funaria empty their contents differently from antheridia of Polytrichum, Atrichum and Mnium. In all these genera the rapid phase of sperm release is powered by a contraction of the jacket upon opening. But the slow phase of release in Funaria is powered by the swelling of the sperm mass, whereas in the other genera the slow phase is powered by swelling of a fluid in the antheridial chamber, by osmosis. The last of the sperms is pulled from the chamber by the cohesiveness of the sperm mass in Funaria, whereas the last of the sperms are pushed from the chamber by the swelling fluid in the other genera. Antheridia of Funaria can empty their contents into sucrose solutions, whereas antheridia of the other genera can not.

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