The Motivational Formulation of Job and Work Involvement: A Cross-National Study

Abstract
This paper extends the motivational formulation and measurement of job and work involvement constructs (Kanungo, 1982b) and tests its cross-cultural implications by reporting on two studies conducted in the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) and India. Results pertaining to the empirical properties (reliability and validity) of the new job and work involvement measures obtained in the FRG and Indian contexts generally support results reported by Kanungo in the Canadian context. The cross-national generalizability of predictions derived from the motivational formulation is supported. Usefulness of the motivational framework for future research on involvement in relation to certain desired outcomes is indicated.